from __future__ import annotations
import numpy as np
import gdsfactory as gf
from gdsfactory.component import Component
from gdsfactory.components.grating_coupler_elliptical import (
grating_taper_points,
grating_tooth_points,
)
from gdsfactory.geometry.functions import DEG2RAD
from gdsfactory.typings import CrossSectionSpec, Floats, LayerSpec
_gaps = (0.1,) * 10
_widths = (0.5,) * 10
[docs]
@gf.cell
def grating_coupler_elliptical_arbitrary(
gaps: Floats = _gaps,
widths: Floats = _widths,
taper_length: float = 16.6,
taper_angle: float = 60.0,
wavelength: float = 1.554,
fiber_angle: float = 15.0,
nclad: float = 1.443,
layer_slab: LayerSpec | None = "SLAB150",
layer_grating: LayerSpec | None = None,
taper_to_slab_offset: float = -3.0,
polarization: str = "te",
spiked: bool = True,
bias_gap: float = 0,
cross_section: CrossSectionSpec = "xs_sc",
**kwargs,
) -> Component:
r"""Grating coupler with parametrization based on Lumerical FDTD simulation.
The ellipticity is derived from Lumerical knowledge base
it depends on fiber_angle (degrees), neff, and nclad
Args:
gaps: list of gaps.
widths: list of widths.
taper_length: taper length from input.
taper_angle: grating flare angle.
wavelength: grating transmission central wavelength (um).
fiber_angle: fibre angle in degrees determines ellipticity.
nclad: cladding effective index to compute ellipticity.
layer_slab: Optional slab.
layer_grating: Optional layer for grating.
by default None uses cross_section.layer.
if different from cross_section.layer expands taper.
taper_to_slab_offset: 0 is where taper ends.
polarization: te or tm.
spiked: grating teeth have spikes to avoid drc errors.
bias_gap: etch gap (um).
Positive bias increases gap and reduces width to keep period constant.
cross_section: cross_section spec for waveguide port.
kwargs: cross_section settings.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellipse
c = (a1 ** 2 - b1 ** 2) ** 0.5
e = (1 - (b1 / a1) ** 2) ** 0.5
print(e)
.. code::
fiber
/ / / /
/ / / /
_|-|_|-|_|-|___ layer
layer_slab |
o1 ______________|
"""
xs = gf.get_cross_section(cross_section, **kwargs)
wg_width = xs.width
layer_wg = gf.get_layer(xs.layer)
layer_grating = gf.get_layer(layer_grating) or layer_wg
sthc = np.sin(fiber_angle * DEG2RAD)
# generate component
c = gf.Component()
c.info["polarization"] = polarization
c.info["wavelength"] = wavelength
# get the physical parameters needed to compute ellipses
gaps = gf.snap.snap_to_grid(np.array(gaps) + bias_gap)
widths = gf.snap.snap_to_grid(np.array(widths) - bias_gap)
periods = [g + w for g, w in zip(gaps, widths)]
neffs = [wavelength / p + nclad * sthc for p in periods]
ds = [neff**2 - nclad**2 * sthc**2 for neff in neffs]
a1s = [round(wavelength * neff / d, 3) for neff, d in zip(neffs, ds)]
b1s = [round(wavelength / np.sqrt(d), 3) for d in ds]
x1s = [round(wavelength * nclad * sthc / d, 3) for d in ds]
xis = np.add(
taper_length + np.cumsum(periods), -widths / 2
) # position of middle of each tooth
ps = np.divide(xis, periods)
# grating teeth
for a1, b1, x1, p, width in zip(a1s, b1s, x1s, ps, widths):
pts = grating_tooth_points(
p * a1, p * b1, p * x1, width, taper_angle, spiked=spiked
)
c.add_polygon(pts, layer_grating)
# taper
p = taper_length / periods[0] # (gaps[0]+widths[0])
a_taper = p * a1s[0]
b_taper = p * b1s[0]
x_taper = p * x1s[0]
x_output = a_taper + x_taper - taper_length + widths[0] / 2
x_output = gf.snap.snap_to_grid(x_output)
if layer_grating == layer_wg:
pts = grating_taper_points(
a_taper, b_taper, x_output, x_taper, taper_angle, wg_width=wg_width
)
c.add_polygon(pts, layer_wg)
else:
pts = grating_taper_points(
a_taper,
b_taper,
x_output,
x_taper + np.sum(widths) + np.sum(gaps) + 1,
taper_angle,
wg_width=wg_width,
)
c.add_polygon(pts, layer=layer_wg)
c.add_port(
name="o1",
center=(x_output, 0),
width=wg_width,
orientation=180,
layer=layer_wg,
cross_section=xs,
)
if layer_slab:
slab_xmin = taper_length + taper_to_slab_offset
slab_xmax = c.xmax + 0.5
slab_ysize = c.ysize + 2.0
yslab = slab_ysize / 2
c.add_polygon(
[
(slab_xmin, yslab),
(slab_xmax, yslab),
(slab_xmax, -yslab),
(slab_xmin, -yslab),
],
layer_slab,
)
x = (taper_length + xis[-1]) / 2
x = gf.snap.snap_to_grid(x)
c.add_port(
name="o2",
center=(x, 0),
width=10,
orientation=0,
layer=xs.layer,
port_type="optical",
)
xs.add_bbox(c)
return c
if __name__ == "__main__":
c = grating_coupler_elliptical_arbitrary(
layer_grating=(3, 0), cross_section="xs_rc_bbox"
)
# c = grating_coupler_elliptical_arbitrary()
c.show(show_ports=False)
