"""Inductor components for IHP PDK."""
import math
import gdsfactory as gf
from gdsfactory import Component
from gdsfactory.typings import LayerSpec, LayerSpecs
def snap_to_grid(p, grid: float = 0.005):
return round(p / grid) * grid
[docs]
@gf.cell
def inductor2(
width: float = 2.0,
space: float = 2.1,
diameter: float = 25.35,
vias_width: float = 0.9,
resistance: float = 0.5777,
inductance: float = 33.303e-12,
terminal_1_length: float = 30.0,
turns: int = 1,
layer_metal_1: LayerSpec = "TopMetal1drawing",
layer_metal_2: LayerSpec = "TopMetal2drawing",
layer_inductor: LayerSpec = "INDdrawing",
layer_metal_1_pin: LayerSpec = "TopMetal2pin",
layer_metal_2_pin: LayerSpec = "TopMetal2pin",
layer_ind_pin: LayerSpec = "INDpin",
layer_via: LayerSpec = "TopVia2drawing",
layers_no_fill: LayerSpecs = (
"Activnofill",
"GatPolynofill",
"Metal1nofill",
"Metal2nofill",
"Metal3nofill",
"Metal4nofill",
"Metal5nofill",
"TopMetal1nofill",
"TopMetal2nofill",
"PWellblock",
"NoRCXdrawing",
),
) -> Component:
"""Create a 2-turn inductor.
Args:
width: Width of the inductor trace in micrometers.
space: Space between turns in micrometers.
diameter: Inner diameter in micrometers.
vias_width: Width of vias in micrometers (only when turns > 2)
resistance: Resistance in ohms.
inductance: Inductance in henries.
terminal_1_length: Length of the shorter terminal
turns: Number of turns (default 1 for inductor2).
Returns:
Component with inductor layout.
"""
if not isinstance(turns, int) or turns < 1:
raise ValueError("turns must be an integer >= 1")
c = Component()
Pin_layers_1 = [layer_metal_1_pin, layer_ind_pin]
Pin_layers_2 = [layer_metal_2_pin, layer_ind_pin]
w = snap_to_grid(width, grid=0.005 * 2)
s = snap_to_grid(space)
d = snap_to_grid(diameter, grid=0.005 * 2)
apothem_innermost = d / 2
vertex_angle = math.pi / 4.0 # 45°
half_vertex_angle = vertex_angle / 2 # 22.5°
length_short_terminal = terminal_1_length
length_long_terminal = length_short_terminal + w + (w + s) * (turns - 1)
octagon_center_offset_y = length_long_terminal + apothem_innermost
# Add inductor layer
outer_polygon_pts = []
for i in range(8):
r_outer = octagon_center_offset_y / math.cos(half_vertex_angle)
angle = i * vertex_angle + half_vertex_angle
x = snap_to_grid(r_outer * math.cos(angle))
y = snap_to_grid(r_outer * math.sin(angle) + octagon_center_offset_y)
outer_polygon_pts.append((x, y))
c.add_polygon(points=outer_polygon_pts, layer=layer_inductor)
# Add No fill layers
for layer in layers_no_fill:
c.add_polygon(points=outer_polygon_pts, layer=layer)
# Handle the terminals and pins of the inductor
if turns == 1:
port1_single_turn = c << gf.components.rectangle(
size=(w, length_short_terminal + w), layer=layer_metal_2
)
port1_single_turn.move((-w - s / 2, 0))
c.add_port(
name="P1",
center=(-w / 2 - s / 2, 0),
width=w,
orientation=270,
layer=layer_metal_2,
)
for layer in Pin_layers_2:
pin_1_trace = c << gf.components.rectangle(size=(w, w), layer=layer)
pin_1_trace.move((-w - s / 2, 0))
port2_single_turn = c << gf.components.rectangle(
size=(w, length_short_terminal + w), layer=layer_metal_2
)
port2_single_turn.move((s / 2, 0))
c.add_port(
name="P2",
center=(w / 2 + s / 2, 0),
width=w,
orientation=270,
layer=layer_metal_2,
)
for layer in Pin_layers_2:
pin_2_trace = c << gf.components.rectangle(size=(w, w), layer=layer)
pin_2_trace.move((s / 2, 0))
else:
port_short = c << gf.components.rectangle(
size=(w, length_short_terminal), layer=layer_metal_2
)
port_short.move((-w / 2, 0))
c.add_port(
name="P1", center=(0, 0), width=w, orientation=270, layer=layer_metal_2
)
for layer in Pin_layers_2:
pin_short_trace = c << gf.components.rectangle(size=(w, w), layer=layer)
pin_short_trace.move((-w / 2, 0))
port_long_1 = c << gf.components.rectangle(
size=(w, length_long_terminal), layer=layer_metal_1
)
port_long_1.move((-(w + s) - w / 2, 0))
c.add_port(
name="P2",
center=(-(w + s), 0),
width=w,
orientation=270,
layer=layer_metal_1,
)
for layer in Pin_layers_1:
pin_long1_trace = c << gf.components.rectangle(size=(w, w), layer=layer)
pin_long1_trace.move((-(w + s) - w / 2, 0))
port_long_2 = c << gf.components.rectangle(
size=(w, length_long_terminal), layer=layer_metal_1
)
port_long_2.move(((w + s) - w / 2, 0))
c.add_port(
name="P3", center=(w + s, 0), width=w, orientation=270, layer=layer_metal_1
)
for layer in Pin_layers_1:
pin_long1_trace = c << gf.components.rectangle(size=(w, w), layer=layer)
pin_long1_trace.move((w + s - w / 2, 0))
# We break down the body of inductor into 3 sections
for k in range(turns):
apothem = (apothem_innermost + w / 2) + (w + s) * k
half_octagon_side = apothem * math.tan(half_vertex_angle)
# Step 1a: We handle the left semi-octagon loops
x = (-s / 2) if turns == 1 else (-s - w / 2)
left_octagon_fragment = [
(x, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem),
(-half_octagon_side, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem),
(-apothem, octagon_center_offset_y + half_octagon_side),
(-apothem, octagon_center_offset_y - half_octagon_side),
(-half_octagon_side, octagon_center_offset_y - apothem),
(x, octagon_center_offset_y - apothem),
]
left_path = gf.Path(left_octagon_fragment)
_ = c << gf.path.extrude(left_path, layer=layer_metal_2, width=w)
# Step 1b: We handle the right semi-octagon loops
x = (s / 2) if turns == 1 else (s + w / 2)
right_octagon_fragment = [
(x, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem),
(half_octagon_side, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem),
(apothem, octagon_center_offset_y + half_octagon_side),
(apothem, octagon_center_offset_y - half_octagon_side),
(half_octagon_side, octagon_center_offset_y - apothem),
(x, octagon_center_offset_y - apothem),
]
right_path = gf.Path(right_octagon_fragment)
_ = c << gf.path.extrude(right_path, layer=layer_metal_2, width=w)
# Step 2: We handle the connections of the loops within TM2
if turns == 1:
center_fragment = [
(-w - s / 2, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem),
(w + s / 2, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem),
]
center_path = gf.Path(center_fragment)
_ = c << gf.path.extrude(center_path, layer=layer_metal_2, width=w)
else:
if k == 0:
continue
center_fragment = [
(-s - w / 2, octagon_center_offset_y - apothem),
(s + w / 2, octagon_center_offset_y - apothem),
]
center_path = gf.Path(center_fragment)
c << gf.path.extrude(center_path, layer=layer_metal_2, width=w)
connecting_fragment_TM2 = [
(-s - w / 2, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem - w - s),
(-w, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem - w - s),
(w, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem),
(s + w / 2, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem),
]
connecting_path_TM2 = gf.Path(connecting_fragment_TM2)
c << gf.path.extrude(connecting_path_TM2, layer=layer_metal_2, width=w)
# Step 3: We handle the cross connection of the loops using TM1 and vias
if turns > 1:
connecting_fragment_TM1 = [
(-s - w / 2 - w, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem),
(-w, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem),
(w, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem - (w + s) * (turns - 1)),
(s + w / 2 + w, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem - (w + s) * (turns - 1)),
]
connecting_path_TM1 = gf.Path(connecting_fragment_TM1)
c << gf.path.extrude(connecting_path_TM1, layer=layer_metal_1, width=w)
offset_x = w / 2 - vias_width / 2
offset_y = vias_width / 2
via_1_trace = c << gf.components.rectangle(
size=(vias_width, vias_width), layer=layer_via
)
via_1_trace.move(
(-s - w / 2 - w + offset_x, octagon_center_offset_y + apothem - offset_y)
)
via_2_trace = c << gf.components.rectangle(
size=(vias_width, vias_width), layer=layer_via
)
via_2_trace.move(
(
s + w / 2 + offset_x,
octagon_center_offset_y + apothem - (w + s) * (turns - 1) - offset_y,
)
)
via_3_trace = c << gf.components.rectangle(
size=(vias_width, vias_width), layer=layer_via
)
via_3_trace.move(
(
-s - w / 2 - w + offset_x,
octagon_center_offset_y - apothem + (w + s) * (turns - 1) - offset_y,
)
)
via_4_trace = c << gf.components.rectangle(
size=(vias_width, vias_width), layer=layer_via
)
via_4_trace.move(
(
s + w / 2 + offset_x,
octagon_center_offset_y - apothem + (w + s) * (turns - 1) - offset_y,
)
)
# Add metadata
c.info["resistance"] = resistance
c.info["inductance"] = inductance
c.info["model"] = "inductor2"
c.info["turns"] = turns
c.info["width"] = width
c.info["space"] = space
c.info["diameter"] = diameter
return c
[docs]
@gf.cell
def inductor3(
width: float = 2.0,
space: float = 2.1,
diameter: float = 25.84,
vias_width: float = 0.9,
resistance: float = 1.386,
inductance: float = 221.5e-12,
terminal_1_length: float = 30.0,
turns: int = 2,
layer_metal_1: LayerSpec = "TopMetal1drawing",
layer_metal_2: LayerSpec = "TopMetal2drawing",
layer_inductor: LayerSpec = "INDdrawing",
layer_metal_1_pin: LayerSpec = "TopMetal2pin",
layer_metal_2_pin: LayerSpec = "TopMetal2pin",
layer_ind_pin: LayerSpec = "INDpin",
layer_via: LayerSpec = "TopVia2drawing",
layers_no_fill: LayerSpecs = (
"Activnofill",
"GatPolynofill",
"Metal1nofill",
"Metal2nofill",
"Metal3nofill",
"Metal4nofill",
"Metal5nofill",
"TopMetal1nofill",
"TopMetal2nofill",
"PWellblock",
"NoRCXdrawing",
),
) -> Component:
"""Create a 3-turn inductor.
Args:
width: Width of the inductor trace in micrometers.
space: Space between turns in micrometers.
diameter: Inner diameter in micrometers.
vias_width: Width of vias in micrometers (only when turns > 2)
resistance: Resistance in ohms.
inductance: Inductance in henries.
terminal_1_length: Length of the shorter terminal
turns: Number of turns (default 2 for inductor3).
Returns:
Component with inductor layout.
"""
# Use inductor2 as base with different default parameters
return inductor2(
width=width,
space=space,
diameter=diameter,
vias_width=vias_width,
resistance=resistance,
inductance=inductance,
terminal_1_length=terminal_1_length,
turns=turns,
layer_metal_1=layer_metal_1,
layer_metal_2=layer_metal_2,
layer_inductor=layer_inductor,
layer_metal_1_pin=layer_metal_1_pin,
layer_metal_2_pin=layer_metal_2_pin,
layer_ind_pin=layer_ind_pin,
layer_via=layer_via,
layers_no_fill=layers_no_fill,
)
if __name__ == "__main__":
from gdsfactory.difftest import xor
from ihp import PDK
from ihp.cells import fixed
PDK.activate()
# Test the components
c0 = fixed.inductor3() # original
c1 = inductor3() # New
c = xor(c0, c1)
c.show()
# c0 = fixed.inductor2() # original
# c1 = inductor2() # New
# c = xor(c0, c1)
# c.show()
# c = inductor2(turns=100)
# c.show()
