Optical material library¶

GSIM_MATERIAL_CARDS contains the built-in fallback optical models. Project and PDK cards take precedence.

Built-in cards¶

Silicon¶

Lookups	Supported values	Defaults	Paper
`Si` (default), `Si-Salzberg`	`λ = 1.357–11.04 µm` `T` fixed	`T = 299.15 K`	Salzberg and Villa 1957
`Si-Li-293K`	`λ = 1.2–14.0 µm` `T = 100–750 K`	`T = 293 K`	Li 1980

Silicon nitride¶

Lookups	Supported values	Defaults	Paper
`SiN` (default), `SiN-Luke`	`λ = 0.310–5.504 µm`	—	Luke et al. 2015

Fused silica¶

Lookups	Supported values	Defaults	Paper
`SiO2` (default), `SiO2-Malitson`	`λ = 0.21–6.7 µm` `T` fixed	`T = 293 K`	Malitson 1965

Lithium niobate¶

Lookups	Supported values	Defaults	Paper
`LN` (default), `LiNbO3-Zelmon`	`λ = 0.4–5.0 µm` `axis = o or e` `T` fixed	`T = 21 °C`	Zelmon et al. 1997
`LiNbO3-MgO5-Gayer`	`λ = 0.5–1.62 µm` `axis = o or e` `T = 20–100 °C`	`T = 24.5 °C`	Gayer et al. 2008

Refractive index¶

Curves span each model's full wavelength validity and use its default temperature.

from gsim.common.materials import resolve_material_snapshot

snapshot = resolve_material_snapshot("Si", wavelength_um=1.55)
print(snapshot.refractive_index)

Lookup is case-sensitive. A project card with the same name replaces that fallback.

Analytic PDK cards¶

Project cards can use pdk_schema.AnalyticDispersion with scalar n or n_squared output, including AN800's modified Sellmeier equations. The resolver converts the simulation wavelength to each declared input unit (um, nm, or m), evaluates the stored equation and parameters, and enforces the card's wavelength validity. These models produce a lossless snapshot with zero extinction coefficient.

Analytic inputs other than wavelength and eps_real output are not supported by the scalar index resolver. Invalid or non-real equation results raise MaterialModelError; out-of-range wavelengths raise WavelengthOutOfRangeError.