Shapes and generic cells

Shapes and generic cells#

gdsfactory provides some generic parametric cells in gf.components that you can customize for your application.

Basic shapes#

Rectangle#

To create a simple rectangle, there are two functions:

gf.components.rectangle() can create a basic rectangle:

import gdsfactory as gf

gf.gpdk.PDK.activate()
r1 = gf.components.rectangle(size=(4.5, 2), layer=(1, 0))
r1.plot()

../_images/122c4fc10f1d365d45dd0c9b9b16c9a82757083217f9e9d0b4636be10f315267.png

gf.components.bbox() can also create a rectangle based on a bounding box. This is useful if you want to create a rectangle which precisely surrounds a piece of existing geometry. For example, if we have an arc geometry and we want to define a box around it, we can use gf.components.bbox():

c = gf.Component()
arc = c << gf.components.bend_circular(radius=10, width=0.5, angle=90, layer=(1, 0))
arc.rotate(90)

# Draw a rectangle around the arc we created by using the arc's bounding box.
rect = c << gf.components.bbox(arc, layer=(2, 0))
c.plot()

../_images/f2c359668f91d4cc9f6b4b6292622480b59a52a40ea26f98db0bf917e269d122.png

Cross#

The gf.components.cross() function creates a cross structure:

c = gf.components.cross(length=10, width=0.5, layer=(1, 0))
c.plot()

../_images/f0df6121b78173b9187a6e687f4033892c32f6c6326a533c374e02688a908459.png

Ellipse#

The gf.components.ellipse() function creates an ellipse by defining the major and minor radii:

c = gf.components.ellipse(radii=(10, 5), angle_resolution=2.5, layer=(1, 0))
c.plot()

../_images/1a43558d5207d19a367dec151d977fb3a861f8de739968300557c281b52c1e39.png

Circle#

The gf.components.circle() function creates a circle:

c = gf.components.circle(radius=10, angle_resolution=2.5, layer=(1, 0))
c.plot()

../_images/01c02f586ea9aed7faa995cff5f0b622793ef481dfdf055edaefa3918bfa8521.png

Ring#

The gf.components.ring() function creates a ring. The radius refers to the center radius of the ring structure (halfway between the inner and outer radius).

c = gf.components.ring(radius=5, width=0.5, angle_resolution=2.5, layer=(1, 0))
c.plot()

../_images/6570603c340f50809c20573b3fc92dc063098fe26a225c37d66b672a4da645b0.png

c = gf.components.ring_single(gap=0.2, radius=10, length_x=4, length_y=2)
c.plot()

../_images/7488c5fed95e15dd699f201625ecfff8f33587564161d438ae2243d3ebf38ccb.png

import gdsfactory as gf

c = gf.components.ring_double(gap=0.2, radius=10, length_x=4, length_y=2)
c.plot()

../_images/198721aa9f93509ef727eafdd2fb3563e7c5b4aeab7ce29dc1eff8b91006c1ba.png

c = gf.components.ring_double(
    gap=0.2,
    radius=10,
    length_x=4,
    length_y=2,
    bend=gf.components.bend_circular,
)
c.plot()

../_images/6fddf9463b162659ed33053b8022e4f9bbd17756856515fab18b96f6b237f970.png

Bend circular#

The gf.components.bend_circular() function creates an arc. The radius refers to the center radius of the arc (halfway between the inner and outer radius).

c = gf.components.bend_circular(
    radius=5.0, width=0.5, angle=90, npoints=720, layer=(1, 0)
)
c.plot()

../_images/189da13970b362e975811d17ec0df1dd9c4647f016480a50ea66549696e857f7.png

Bend euler#

The gf.components.bend_euler() function creates an adiabatic bend in which the bend radius changes gradually. Euler bends have lower loss than circular bends.

c = gf.components.bend_euler(radius=5.0, width=0.5, angle=90, npoints=720, layer=(1, 0))
c.plot()

../_images/825da977b4fa520601e79efea7825145b1b76c2ba48bdb6eb1140c6f2f9f4a26.png

Tapers#

gf.components.taper()is defined by setting its length as well as its start and end length. It has two ports, 1 and 2, on either end, allowing you to easily connect it to other structures.

c = gf.components.taper(length=10, width1=6, width2=4, port=None, layer=(1, 0))
c.plot()

../_images/152b51c41e238b1c53d63c4136b4a566191b461e6e20c5db1c05e2c9e66be803.png

gf.components.ramp() is a structure is similar to taper() except it is asymmetric. It also has two ports, 1 and 2, on either end.

c = gf.components.ramp(length=10, width1=4, width2=8, layer=(1, 0))
c.plot()

../_images/91855a619e3dbcda5135a14366a8c381f1be5ca532457106dd7737092a0c018a.png

Common compound shapes#

The gf.components.L() function creates a “L” shape with ports on either end named 1 and 2.

c = gf.components.L(width=7, size=(10, 20), layer=(1, 0))
c.plot()

../_images/cc1d4ac8b9ea67f11f3b908d0fa1e15625232c931e0c28d4bf8542e5ae5dd70e.png

The gf.components.C() function creates a “C” shape with ports on either end named 1 and 2.

c = gf.components.C(width=7, size=(10, 20), layer=(1, 0))
c.plot()

../_images/b71bcd558bffea2402867dd32f0860d6f025f5eff4f826bd5d5469a886c35c93.png

Text#

Gdsfactory has an implementation of the DEPLOF font with the majority of english ASCII characters represented (thanks to PHIDL)

c = gf.components.text(
    text="Hello world!\nMultiline text\nLeft-justified",
    size=10,
    justify="left",
    layer=(1, 0),
)
c.plot()
# The justify parameter needs to be 'left', 'center', or 'right',
# because those are the standard text alignment options that determine how multiple lines of text are positioned relative to each other.

../_images/23b917b56d813199557678466a332ea22ce56bbac395252d9526e6e00376b388.png

Lithography Structures#

Step-resolution#

The gf.components.litho_steps() function creates a lithographic test structure that is useful for measuring the resolution of photoresist or electron-beam resists. It provides both positive-tone and negative-tone resolution tests.

c = gf.components.litho_steps(
    line_widths=(1, 2, 4, 8, 16), line_spacing=10, height=100, layer=(1, 0)
)
c.plot()

../_images/f9982bbbf66845ef6e1ef1c6764f4680e6aac9a07931baba3ca27d3dd8964d83.png

Calipers (inter-layer alignment)#

The gf.components.litho_calipers() function is used to detect offsets in multilayer fabrications. It creates a set of two notches on different layers. When a fabrication error/offset occurs, it is easy to detect the magnitude of the offset because both center-notches are no longer aligned.

D = gf.components.litho_calipers(
    notch_size=(1, 5),
    notch_spacing=2,
    num_notches=7,
    offset_per_notch=0.1,
    row_spacing=0,
    layer1=(1, 0),
    layer2=(2, 0),
)
D.plot()

../_images/0426797dfb6a7c619df6108c78b9c3636c800884e31a5c67963266ebdf121f10.png

Paths#

See Path tutorial for more details – this is just an enumeration of the available built-in Path functions

Circular arc#

P = gf.path.arc(radius=10, angle=135, npoints=720)
f = P.plot()

../_images/2fc69666a6d9e9843b309b93b79b3eb548c5bf65d273b6631910e53bd750b48f.png

Straight#

import gdsfactory as gf

P = gf.path.straight(length=5, npoints=100)
f = P.plot()

../_images/25a36b7643f095667eaa0eae442596e127113d1f0a467c1b9a038e2592882567.png

Euler curve#

Also known as a straight-to-bend, clothoid, racetrack, or track transition, this path tapers adiabatically from straight to curved. Often used to minimize losses in photonic straights. If p < 1.0, it will create a “partial euler” curve as described in Vogelbacher et. al. https://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.031394.
If the use_eff argument is false, radius corresponds to minimum radius of curvature of the bend. If use_eff is true, radius corresponds to the “effective” radius of the bend– The curve will be scaled such that the endpoints match an arc with parameters radius and angle.

P = gf.path.euler(radius=3, angle=90, p=1.0, use_eff=False, npoints=720)
f = P.plot()

../_images/06a51f0ecaa43e7f9d2c0053efb56a0d6b186bf314187de82210c72d062321e3.png

Smooth path from waypoints#

import numpy as np

import gdsfactory as gf

points = np.array([(20, 10), (40, 10), (20, 40), (50, 40), (50, 20), (70, 20)])

P = gf.path.smooth(
    points=points,
    radius=2,
    bend=gf.path.euler,
    use_eff=False,
)
f = P.plot()

../_images/24799fa744812afced7d9cf84f0e77c227f6013f38793a01c883e7be381d73be.png

Delay spiral#

A delay spiral is a long optical waveguide coiled into a spiral shape on a photonic integrated circuit. Its purpose is to create a significant time delay for an optical signal within a very compact area.

c = gf.components.spiral_double()
c.plot()

../_images/81ef62817beac69c234602e3f4763546080b9d802384b4a80047e6e90c34a25e.png

c = gf.components.spiral()
c.plot()

../_images/2ac104508c16efa59ba3baf1d95764fe118d1610df0a71ec1bb6e88a3dd07771.png

c = gf.components.spiral_racetrack_fixed_length()
c.plot()

2026-05-13 23:16:47.042 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:47.091 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_551 (cell_index=551) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:47.112 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:47.160 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_557 (cell_index=557) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:47.179 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:47.228 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_563 (cell_index=563) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None

/home/runner/work/gdsfactory/gdsfactory/gdsfactory/components/spirals/spiral_heater.py:299: UserWarning: Routing failed: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad
  routes = route_bundle(

2026-05-13 23:16:47.247 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:47.295 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_569 (cell_index=569) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:47.314 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:47.364 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_575 (cell_index=575) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:47.384 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:47.435 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_581 (cell_index=581) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:47.456 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:47.507 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_587 (cell_index=587) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:47.526 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:47.576 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_593 (cell_index=593) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:47.595 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:47.642 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_599 (cell_index=599) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:47.661 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:47.708 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_605 (cell_index=605) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=599), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:47.726 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:47.892 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_611 (cell_index=611) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=599), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=605), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:47.911 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:47.958 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_617 (cell_index=617) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=599), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=605), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=611), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:47.977 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:48.027 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_623 (cell_index=623) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=599), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=605), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=611), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=617), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:48.047 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:48.099 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_629 (cell_index=629) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=599), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=605), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=611), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=617), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=623), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:48.119 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:48.169 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_635 (cell_index=635) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=599), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=605), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=611), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=617), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=623), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=629), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:48.189 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:48.238 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_641 (cell_index=641) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=599), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=605), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=611), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=617), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=623), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=629), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=635), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:48.257 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:48.303 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_647 (cell_index=647) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=599), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=605), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=611), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=617), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=623), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=629), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=635), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=641), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:48.322 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:48.369 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_653 (cell_index=653) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=599), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=605), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=611), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=617), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=623), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=629), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=635), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=641), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=647), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:48.389 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:48.440 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_659 (cell_index=659) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=599), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=605), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=611), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=617), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=623), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=629), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=635), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=641), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=647), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=653), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:48.459 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:48.509 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_665 (cell_index=665) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=599), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=605), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=611), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=617), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=623), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=629), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=635), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=641), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=647), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=653), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=659), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:48.530 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:48.582 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_671 (cell_index=671) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=599), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=605), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=611), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=617), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=623), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=629), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=635), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=641), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=647), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=653), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=659), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=665), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:48.602 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:48.648 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_677 (cell_index=677) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=599), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=605), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=611), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=617), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=623), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=629), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=635), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=641), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=647), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=653), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=659), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=665), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=671), function_name=None, basename=None

2026-05-13 23:16:48.668 | ERROR    | gdsfactory.routing.route_bundle:route_bundle:578 - Error in route_bundle: Routing collision in spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad

2026-05-13 23:16:48.723 | ERROR    | kfactory.kcell:name:691 - Name conflict in kfactory.kcell::name at line 691
Renaming Unnamed_74 (cell_index=74) to spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad would cause it to be named the same as:
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=544), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=551), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=557), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=563), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=569), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=575), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=581), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=587), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=593), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=599), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=605), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=611), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=617), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=623), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=629), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=635), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=641), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=647), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=653), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=659), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=665), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=671), function_name=None, basename=None
 - spiral_racetrack_fixed_length_gdsfactorypcomponentspspi_bd9333ad (cell_index=677), function_name=None, basename=None

../_images/23764c34ed4aaa94412a9477b8f5b841743bd7f13544bcf97b43be614ec78b66.png

Useful contact pads / connectors#

These functions are common shapes with ports, often used to make contact pads.

c = gf.components.compass(size=(4, 2), layer=(1, 0))
c.plot()

../_images/30298e6530e1e799716362b934fe5f71b77e678ed6f0157649f54c1b6394a997.png

c = gf.components.nxn(north=3, south=4, east=0, west=0)
c.plot()

../_images/8ea491267b60e1c43041379c18ff4eb9e4d5d6693bed90dd210f43d535fc9a10.png

c = gf.components.pad()
c.plot()

../_images/22ae2b8fda80e68ef63a3c41781cb81d888da06c8183c549fff184e4d8bd3ef5.png

c = gf.components.pad_array90(columns=3)
c.plot()

../_images/91f773c07621da522e2bcb7587d02679495b5c926e319a19e8f8dac9cdd13356.png

Chip / die template#

import gdsfactory as gf

c = gf.components.die(
    size=(10000, 5000),  # Size of the die.
    street_width=100,  # Width of corner marks for die-sawing.
    street_length=1000,  # Length of corner marks for die-sawing.
    die_name="chip99",  # Label text.
    text_size=500,  # Label text size.
    text_location="SW",  # Label text compass location e.g. 'S', 'SE', 'SW'
    layer=(2, 0),
    bbox_layer=(3, 0),
)
c.plot()

../_images/85143fe9ca19407fc89d13520d14cc4cd6324c29191b7cce0cccfcba1aaae12c.png

Optimal superconducting curves#

The following structures are meant to reduce “current crowding” in superconducting thin-film structures (such as superconducting nanowires). They are the result of conformal mapping equations derived in Clem, J. & Berggren, K. “Geometry-dependent critical currents in superconducting nanocircuits.” Phys. Rev. B 84, 1–27 (2011).

import gdsfactory as gf

# This code creates a compact, U-shaped "hairpin" delay line with bends that are optimized for low loss.
c = gf.components.optimal_hairpin(
    width=0.2, pitch=0.6, length=10, turn_ratio=4, num_pts=50, layer=(2, 0)
)
c.plot()

../_images/72c113708613414907659a72987dab8a59258e0115558965e06cacf0f93f5684.png

# This code creates a taper, which is a waveguide section that smoothly transitions between two different widths.
# The optimal_step component is special because its shape is mathematically optimized to be adiabatic, minimizing light loss and back-reflections.
c = gf.components.optimal_step(
    start_width=10, # Defines the initial width of the taper.
    end_width=22, # Defines the final width of the taper.

    # num_pts=50: This sets the number of points used to define the optimized S-curve. A higher number results in a smoother, more finely detailed curve.
    num_pts=50,

    # This is the width tolerance. It defines how close the optimization algorithm must get to the target end_width.
    # A smaller value results in a more precise, but potentially longer, taper.
    width_tol=1e-3,

    # This factor adjusts the "aggressiveness" of the S-curve.
    # A larger value creates a more gradual, less crowded transition at the start and end of the taper.
    anticrowding_factor=1.2,

    # This parameter creates a one-sided taper. One edge of the taper will be a straight line, while the other will have the optimized S-curve.
    # If True, both sides would curve symmetrically.
    symmetric=False,
    layer=(2, 0),
)
c.plot()

../_images/a76c2ee7fe3998165cad479f11f23125615b7017d9fc8764bb6039640f17de9e.png

c = gf.components.optimal_90deg(width=100.0, num_pts=15, length_adjust=1, layer=(2, 0))
c.plot()

../_images/5206255ac57bc977df3237403826b059afb67f6f6611af85879c6816dffffb79.png

# This code creates a Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detector (SNSPD), a specialized component designed to detect single photons of light.
c = gf.components.snspd(
    wire_width=0.2,
    wire_pitch=0.6,
    size=(10, 8), # The overall dimensions of the meandered detector area are 10x8 µm.
    num_squares=None, # num_squares=None means that the size of the component is being defined by the size parameter.
    turn_ratio=4, # Controls the shape of the 180-degree bends in the meander(Clojure/Clojurescript library).
    terminals_same_side=False, # The input and output terminals will be on opposite sides of the detector.
    layer=(2, 0),
)
c.plot()

../_images/5a8484372c4aad67d849744206815309da0b0047dac418c1dd1c99ee544bcdea.png

Generic library#

gdsfactory comes with a generic library that you can customize to your needs or even modify the internal code to create the components that you need.